Unique Features of Japan’s Railway and Bus Systems
Japan’s public transportation is globally praised for its accuracy, cleanliness, and convenience.
However, there are many customs and characteristics that are uniquely Japanese—some of which may be quite different from what visitors are used to overseas.
In this article, we’ll introduce key features of Japanese trains and buses, along with helpful comparisons to other countries.
Unique Aspects of Japan’s Railways
1. Remarkable Punctuality
Japanese trains are renowned for their strict adherence to timetables.
Whether it’s the Shinkansen or city trains, operations are managed down to the second, and delays are rare.
Even a short delay will result in a “delay certificate”—a uniquely Japanese practice.
With “Ekispert for Web,” you can easily check schedules and plan routes and fully experience the precision of Japanese trains.
2. Strict Train Etiquette and Manners
In Japan, train etiquette is taken seriously.
Passengers line up in an orderly fashion, and priority is given to those exiting the train.
Talking on the phone inside the train is prohibited, and devices are expected to be set to silent mode (or "manner mode").
3. Widespread Use of IC Cards like Suica
IC cards like Suica are widely used for travel on trains and buses across Japan. They can also be used for shopping at convenience stores and vending machines, making them a must-have for travelers.
4. "Eki-Naka" Station Culture
Major stations such as Shibuya and Shinjuku feature vibrant “Eki-Naka” areas filled with convenience stores, restaurants, souvenir shops, and even department stores.
While many overseas stations have shops and cafés, few offer the variety and convenience found in Japan.
5. Many Railway Companies
Japan is home to numerous railway companies.
The largest is the JR (Japan Railway) Group, which operates lines across the country.
Other regional operators also exist, each with their own tickets and passes.
While tickets and passes can vary between railway companies, IC cards like Suica and Pasmo can be used across different train lines and even for shopping—making them a convenient option for anyone traveling around Japan.
> For information on purchasing and using [Welcome Suica], click here.
6. Language Barriers
These days, multilingual signage is becoming more common at public transportation facilities like train stations and bus stops—not just in Japanese, but also in English and other languages.
However, in some areas, information may still be displayed only in Japanese, which can make navigation challenging for international visitors.
If you encounter this, we recommend visiting a Tourist Information Center—located in many stations and city centers—where staff can assist you in English and other languages, and provide helpful travel guidance.
7. Limited Late-Night Service
Japanese trains generally do not run late at night.
If you plan to travel late, be sure to check the last train time in advance and consider backup options such as taxis.
Unique Aspects of Japan’s Bus System
1. Punctuality
Japanese buses also operate with impressive accuracy, often following schedules down to the minute.
Ekispert for Web can be used to check bus routes and timetables, helping you make the most of your journey.
2. Boarding Styles Vary by Region
In Japan, the way you board and pay for buses varies by region. In some areas, you board from the front and pay when you get on, while in others, you board from the back and pay when you get off.
The most common payment method is using an IC card like Suica, but cash or contactless payment options are also available.
It’s also customary to line up in an orderly manner when boarding.
3. Well-Organized Bus Stops
Bus stops in Japan usually display clear schedules and designated stopping points.
Unlike in some countries where passengers flag down buses by waving, this is not done in Japan—buses stop only at designated stops.
4. Late-Night Service Availability
Highway buses that travel between cities often operate during late-night hours.
However, local route buses in Japan rarely run late at night, so it's important to check the schedule in advance if you plan to travel late.
5. Differences in Fare System
Japan’s bus fare systems include both distance-based fares, where you pay according to how far you travel using numbered tickets, and flat-rate fares, where the price is the same regardless of distance. In many other countries, flat-rate fares are more common, and passengers typically pay the driver directly.
Because Japan has multiple fare systems, it’s important to pay attention to the specific rules when riding buses.
Summary
Japan’s trains and buses are known for their punctuality, cleanliness, and courteous passenger behavior.
However, aspects like boarding manners, late-night availability, station complexity, and fare systems may differ from what tourists are used to in their home countries.
To enjoy a smooth experience, we recommend learning the basic rules in advance.
And if you're unsure about anything, feel free to visit a Tourist Information Center—they’re happy to provide you with more detailed information.
We hope this guide helps make your journey through Japan more enjoyable and worry-free!
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From all of us at Val Laboratory Corporation, we wish you a wonderful trip in Japan!